Kalina is known to all as a shrub, which gives us berries with healing properties. But Kalina sometimes overcome pests and diseases. They give her a lot of trouble: they eat and damage leaves and flowers, adversely affecting the amount of harvest.
Viburnum pests and how to deal with them
Viburnum leaf beetle
Beetle leaf beetles can completely destroy planted viburnum bushes, and the fight against these pests is very difficult. Many, most likely, had to experience it, so we will tell you about an effective method of dealing with leaf beetles.
In early spring, dark-gray larvae hatch with a black head. They settle on the underside of the sheet, and it is very difficult to shake them off, because they stick hard at it. These larvae are very voracious. In a matter of days, they can gnaw up most of the leaves. Then they burrow into the soil and after a while they crawl out with yellow-brown half-centimeter beetles. Now they settle on the upper side of the foliage and continue to assimilate them diligently. By the fall viburnum, struck by leaf beetles, is almost all bare. Such a plant is not ready for winter and can simply freeze.
Females gnaw the bark two millimeters deep, they can even hook on wood. Up to 25 light yellow eggs are laid in the hole. After the female, the nest is sealed with bodily secretions, masking to the color of the bark. But masonry can be distinguished by their convex shape. Some of them organize nests in the petioles of large brushes. As a result, the harvest drops sharply. By autumn, beetles occur in the winter under a bush of viburnum.
There is one fairly simple way to protect Kalina from further adverse effects of leaf beetles. During the mass appearance of beetles in the middle of summer, they should be shaken off early in the morning, at the moments of their least activity, from foliage to plastic film. After they are removed in a bucket of water and pour away. Try to carry out this operation before the beginning of the period of procreation.
We also call the proven folk remedies for pests on Kalina. With the beginning of spring, when the branches of viburnum are not yet overgrown with young leaves, you can cut off the tops of the shoots, where eggs can be seen. Cut the pieces immediately need to burn. If everything is carefully checked and eliminated, then next year new bugs will not appear.
Important! Do not be late with trimming. To carry it to before the first leaves. This method is absolutely harmless to viburnum bushes, and anyone can use it.These viburnum pests are unstable to Karbofos. His ten percent solution should be sprayed on the bushes before they bloom. During the growing season, the plant should be treated with infusion of bitter pepper or tomato tops.
Kalina's moth
This pest looks like a caterpillar of a gray-blue or greenish-olive shade with yellow on the sides and covered with light hairs. Her head is dark brown. Caterpillars that hatch in spring devour the buds when leaves start to appear. They entangle them with cobwebs and knock them into lumps. By the middle of the summer, the pupillus begins pupation at the places of its feeding. In large quantities, this pest can almost completely embrace viburnum, which adversely affects the subsequent harvest.
The struggle with the leafworm is reduced to a simple gathering of nests of caterpillars with their subsequent burning. Before blooming, Kalina should be treated with Nitrafen paste. The 60% mixture comes out of a bucket of water with 250 grams of substance added to it. In the period from bud break to the appearance of buds, the shrub needs to be treated with a 10% Karbofos solution.
Did you know? The Slavs have long seen in Kalina a symbol of youth, beauty and girlish tenderness. For the fact that it blooms with white flowers, it was called the wedding tree.
Kalina and honeysuckle gall midges
These pests prefer, in contrast to previous ones, to "feast" on the flowers of the plant. Gall midge larvae have a white color, and honeysuckle color is red. They overwinter in the upper layer of soil, wrapping themselves in cocoons of cobwebs. Adult gall midges are active at the first budding of the buds. Females lay eggs inside the buds. The larvae also develop there. As a result, the buds deform, increase in size, redden and swell. The corolla becomes thicker, the pistil and stamens are retarded in development, and the flowers do not open. Gallicus give only one offspring.
Measures to combat these pests are loosening the soil in early spring and late autumn. Before and after flowering, viburnum should be sprayed with a solution of Karbofos in a 10% ratio.
Green Swan Moth
This pest is a yellow-green caterpillar with a brown line along the body and the same color with specks. It damages only the flowers, gnawing their ovaries. To get rid of the blade blade, viburnum is sprayed with a 10% solution of Karbofos.
Honeysuckle Spiky Sawfly
The larva of this pest has an olive body with two rows of white cross thorns. The back is painted in burgundy or mesh pattern. The sides of the sawfly larva are light gray, and the head is yellow. They winter in the upper soil layers, and pupate in the spring. Adults appear in the period of foliage blooming and can gnaw Kalina naked.
The struggle with sawflies begins in the autumn with a thorough digging of the earth. Next, you should enter drugs for viburnum: 10% solution of Karbofos and wormwood decoction, which is sprayed with viburnum before and after flowering.
Black viburnum aphid
Adult aphid on Kalina lays its eggs on the bark near the kidneys. Future larvae also winter there. Having appeared on the light, they make their way to the leaves and suck out all the nutrients from them. As a result, the leaves begin to curl, and the apical shoots deform. At the beginning of summer, pests appear with wings that colonize new plants. In August-September, the cycle closes - black aphid females produce another offspring, which will overwinter.
This pest is able to migrate, but lives exclusively on Kalina. Blackfly hordes with special efforts damage young bushes. Black Kalina aphid can migrate, but lives only on Kalina. With particular cruelty, it damages young bushes. During the growing season, viburnum in aphid develops several generations.
Novice gardeners often wonder how to get rid of aphids on Kalina. To overcome the black Kalina aphid, you need to cut and destroy the growth, which is common at the roots. There are pests and lay eggs before wintering. To destroy aphids, you can run beneficial insects that feed on it. These can be hover flies and gold-eyed larvae, ladybugs.
Before blooming buds, treat the shoots with Nitrafen paste at a concentration of 60%. Well help to get rid of aphids herbal preparations: infusion of potato tops, pepper tincture or solution of soap.
Did you know? Kalina is a shrub that is often confused with a tree, for its height can reach two meters.
Chelkovaya moth
The larch moth is a tiny butterfly with a wingspan of not more than 10 mm. Her gray body is covered with shiny scales. Moth larvae in the size of no more than half an inch of orange-brown color. The caterpillar makes a cover for itself in the form of a case according to the size of a calf and winters there. In the spring, it feeds on viburnum leaves, in June it pupates and in July it becomes a butterfly, which lays a couple of eggs. In summer, caterpillars hatch from eggs.
In the fight against deciduous moths moth will help the next spring treatment from pests - spraying viburnum in the period of regrowth of young shoots. In the summer, Fufanon, Aktellik, Komandor, Iskra and Inta-vir should be used.
The main diseases of viburnum treatment methods
Various diseases that plaque can affect can overcome it year after year, and their number is striking. The difficulty is that finding out the cause of the disease, even with careful diagnosis, is very difficult. It is possible to make only a single general conclusion that a plant has undergone a virus attack, when spots or strips appear on its leaves that differ from the natural coloring.
Did you know? Kalina is an excellent honey plant. It turns out to produce a lot of nectar.
Mealy dew
Viburnum leaves are rarely affected by this disease. This type of fungus infects viburnum only in the summer, when it is rainy and cool. Only at the time when conditions for pore ripening arise. To remove unpleasant disease, you should enter the following preparations for viburnum: "Topaz", "Strobe" or copper-soap solution. Well in this case also wood ash, which is cleared of particles of coal, helps. Three kilograms of ash need to fill a bucket of hot water and insist two days. Treat Kalina with powdery mildew twice a month.
Leaf spotting
On the leaves of viburnum are formed gray spots of various shapes with a border of brown or purple. On the underside of the leaf, the spots are olive gray. By September, dark dotted fruiting bodies of the fungus begin to form on the dead tissue. Then the spots crack, dry, and the middle of them falls out.
Fighting spotting is quite simple. It is necessary to remove all affected leaves from the bush. During the budding period, it is necessary to spray Kalina with Bordeaux mixture or copper oxychloride.
Did you know? Kalina is a nurse among the plants, as it releases a large number of phytoncids that resist harmful organisms.
Gray and fruit rot
Gray rot affects viburnum during periods of cold and rainy weather. Especially in the summer. Leaves first acquire large brown spots, spreading over the surface. They quickly grow in size, dry out and crack. Spores from infected leaves fall on healthy ones. Berries affected by gray mold turn brown and dry. The fungus eats them through. On the surface you can see a smoky gray spore. To get rid of the disease, you need to collect all the fallen leaves in the fall. If viburnum is strongly affected by this disease, then it should be sprayed with the drug "Vectra" during the vegetative period.
Fruit rot affects young shoots of a plant. They dry together with flowers, leaves and berries. With the onset of summer, the berries that struck the disease are covered with dense pads, then mummified and blackened.
You can cope with fruit rot by removing mummified berries with the onset of autumn. You also need to spray the bushes with copper oxychloride before the flowering period of viburnum and after it.
Yellowing and mosaic of leaves
Mosaic diseases are a group of viral diseases characterized by a motley pattern of the affected organs with alternating spots of various sizes and shapes. The affected areas are painted in green or white color of varying intensity. The lamina is deformed, and the plant begins to lag in growth. Mosaic infestation can occur through seeds, the juice of diseased plants when picking up seedlings, through pasynkovanie, in contact with infected plants with healthy ones. Mechanical carriers of the virus - aphid, bedbugs, mites, soil nematodes. Viruses penetrate into plants through damaged tissue, are stored in the soil, plant debris and seeds.
To date, unknown methods of dealing with this disease, which would cope with it forever. The only thing that was achieved was to find preventive means and bring out varieties resistant to the mosaic of leaves. If the level of infection has not reached a critical point, then you can cut the diseased areas. If viburnum befell irreversible consequences, then the shrub need to dig and burn.
Signs of infection are primarily noticeable on young, growing shoots. They begin to see light areas along the veins, yellow rings and spots in the form of stars. Then the spots turn white, and with their further merging the leaf begins to turn yellow. Mosaic disease progresses faster at a temperature of 30 degrees, when the plant is heavily thickened.
Resistance to the disease decreases with sharp temperature differences, higher than 30 degrees, temperature and very dense distribution of plants. Here you need to comply with a certain thermal regime. Often the disease is transmitted by insect pests, so you need to carefully monitor their appearance and time to destroy. Having discovered the disease, it is necessary to take preventive measures: isolate viburnum and disinfect the inventory. If the plant dies, it must be dug up and destroyed along with the surrounding soil. Accurately determine the specific disease of Viburnum is very difficult.
Important! Fight against viral infections of Viburnum can not. We must try to prevent the disease by destroying the vectors of infection.If you buy viburnum from the hands, then it may already be infected with mosaic leaves through damaged roots and stems. All diseased parts need to be cut and destroyed. After that, you need to wash and sanitize your hands. Only healthy plants are needed. When it is hot and dry, the plant needs more abundant watering and shading.
