Open and described this plant was a botanist Nicholas Monardes, after whom it received its name.
Monarda is more familiar as lemon mint, American lemon balm or bergamot.
Native Americans used her red flowers to make tea, and white settlers used this tea as an antipyretic and pain reliever for stomach pain.
All members of the genus are perennials or annuals, which can grow up to one and a half meters in height. They bloom with small flowers of white, red, yellow or purple, which are collected small inflorescences with different strong flavors (lemon, mint and others).
Today, the plant is familiar to many, not only because of its decorative, but also other properties: for treating colds, for culinary experiments, simply in the form of tea or grown near apiaries.
Primula garden beautiful resident of your flower garden.
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Primula garden beautiful resident of your flower garden.Our most popular species are the double, fist and lemon monard. Of the annuals, you can most often meet hybrid, dotted and citric, from perennials - double, tubular and their hybrids.
Growing Monarda and care for her
The plant is light-requiring and cold-resistant, grows well in areas where there is a lot of sun, although it carries the penumbra normally. It is better not to plant the monard where there is a draft, as this can lead to the fact that its branches will bend and twist.
It is categorically not recommended to plant a plant on acidic soils (such soil is formed where coniferous trees, buttercup, horsetail grow) and overmoisten during watering, otherwise the monard will die.
When planting Monarda, you need to leave at least 40 centimeters between the bushes.
Phosphate and potash fertilizers are added to the earth, as well as humus.
The first time fed in early spring. Nitrogen-containing fertilizer is suitable for this, but in the summer, you can use complex fertilizer once a month.
At least once every five years, the bush of the Monarda should be transplanted to a new place. Otherwise, the decorativeness of the shrub is reduced due to the fact that in the middle of the branches die off, forming a “bald patch”. To avoid this, the bush must be divided and transplanted.
The plant is cold-resistant, so it is green until almost mid-November. For the same reason, the monard does not need wrapping for the winter. Pruning can be done only occasionally.
Diseases and pests of flowers of Monarda
Because of its rich aroma, which is given to the monad by essential oils, it is not enough that she herself is rarely attacked by pests, but also does not allow them to attack neighboring plants.
Of the diseases most commonly affected by dull mildew and rust. If the humidity is very high, and irrigation is excessive, then shoots may rot.
In order to avoid these troubles, it would be good to treat the shoots in the early spring with preparations containing copper, or those that will increase resistance to diseases.
If the monard is grown for human consumption, it is better to treat it with an infusion of garlic, onion, tansy or tomato tops.
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Even the Indians paid attention to the antiseptic, bactericidal, laxative, anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, immunomodulating, anti-sclerotic, anti-stress, anthelmintic and stimulating properties of the plant, so they began to use it in medicine for the treatment of various diseases.
Application of monarda
Monarda flowers are a great way to fight cough. Some leaves replace black tea, besides, this infusion helps well with various injuries (fractures, injuries).
Thanks to its essential oils, duo is able to fight black mold, various fungi, microorganisms, viruses, mycoplasmas.
Indians used it to treat skin infections, wounds, burns, seborrhea, fever, headache, cough (including bronchitis, bronchial asthma), rinsed mouth and throat.
Also, the monard is able to whet the appetite, so it is used in cooking as a seasoning. It can be added to a wide variety of dishes: okroshka, borscht, soups, cabbage soup, fish dishes, jam (especially from pears and apples), jelly, jelly, stewed fruit, marinades.
So, having planted a monard on your plot, you will not only increase its decorative effect, but also get excellent seasoning and medicine for many diseases.
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