Pansies - a beautiful plant of various shades. Past them it is impossible to pass, just like that, without admiring. These flowers are very popular among gardeners.
All varieties are very similar to each other, they differ only in their color. Today we will talk about the most beautiful of them. You can also watch a useful video on this topic.
Botanical description
Tricolor violet - a flower with erect, branched, thin stems, 15-20 centimeters high. Leaves are arranged alternately. The shape is slightly rounded and heart-shaped. They are adjacent to large lyre stipules. The leaves on the stems - sessile, and lower - petiolate.
The flowers are quite large, solitary, irregular in shape, they open on elongated pedicels. In diameter reach 3-4 centimeters. The corolla forms five petals not similar to each other in shape. The bottom petal is yellow or white. It is larger than the rest. The two upper petals are purple-blue or deep purple. And lateral often have light-violet color.
Which plants are: annual or perennial?
Pansies are a perennial plant.. Most often, amateur gardeners purchase a one-year or two-year-old flower in stores. The question arises why they do not take perennial violet. The thing is that over time a beautiful flower loses its beauty. After three years, the plant is aging. Buds become small, and then not formed at all.
History of origin
It is not known exactly when and under what circumstances pansies appeared. Entire legends were invented about the origin of the violet tricolor, but which ones are true and which are not, is also not clear. Here is one of these legends:
Once, the goddess Venus wanted to swim away from human eyes. She discovered a secret corner in a distant grotto. While bathing, the goddess suddenly heard a rustle. Turning, Venus noticed a few eyes of curious mortals. She was very angry and decided to punish these people for such audacity. But Venus was unable to punish the curious, so she turned to Zeus, who turned their pansies.
We recommend to watch a video about the legend of the origin of Pansies:
What does the viola look like?
Pansies have a thin stem with round leaves and single flowers.. In height, the stem can reach up to 30 centimeters. Inside it is triangular, branched, hollow or erect. Sometimes, several creeping stems depart from one root.
Single buds with five petals, which, in turn, are located on a triangular peduncle with two bracts near the flower itself. Sepals located at the bottom more in size than the top. The prevailing tones in color are blue, violet and various shades of these colors. The plant has five stamens pressed to the pistil. They are in contact with anthers with short stamen filaments.
The leaves of pansies are petiole, are bare or absent-wavy along the veins. The shape of the lower leaves is ovoid. Leaves are elongated. Upper leaflets look different. Their shape is oblong lanceolate. Leaves on them are small. Each leaf has two stipules.
The root of the flower is thin, rod and branches little. It is brown in color. In the ground enters almost sheer.
Most popular varieties with photos
There are two categories of varieties of pansies:
- large-flowered;
- small-flowered.
Often, novice growers buy large-flowered Pansies, thereby making a mistake, because the small-flowered more hardy and stronger. They are not afraid of rain and sudden changes in temperature.
There are three types of plants:
- tricolor violet;
- violet yellow;
- Altai violet.
Breeders have created a lot of varieties, based on the above species.
Evening heat
This variety has large beautiful flowers. In diameter, they reach 5-6 centimeters. Grow on a long pedicle, which reaches 10 centimeters. The flowers themselves are not very bright, with wavy edges. The bush grows up to 15 centimeters tall.
Ice King
It grows to a height of 20 centimeters. During flowering white flowers bloom with a green tinge. On the lower petals there are characteristic purple spots.
Weiss
In this class, compared with other gigantic sizes. In height reaches 25 centimeters. Flowers are 6-7 centimeters in diameter with a wavy edge. Color - white with a yellow middle.
Tiger's Eye
The flower has an unusual color that looks like a tiger. The bush is quite compact, it grows to a height of 20 centimeters. It grows into a lush carpet. The flowers are yellow with black stripes. In diameter do not exceed 3-4 centimeters. This variety feels great in almost any soil, with good drainage..
Adonis
A plant that is distinguished by its rapid growth and long flowering. Adonis is quite small, only about 15 centimeters in height. He has large flowers. The two upper petals are light blue, and the three lower ones have white-purple spots. In flowerbeds use groups. The variety is winter hardy.
Medicinal properties of the violet tricolor
Violet tricolor has healing properties, as its composition is extraordinary. It contains salicylic acid, ascorbic acid, essential oils, tannins and much more. Such a wealth of substances provides effective assistance for diseases.
Actions on the human body:
- Diuretic.
- Expectorant.
- Anti-inflammatory.
- Sweatshops.
- Heals wounds.
- Relieves itching and irritation.
- Cleans the blood.
- Soothing.
Important: You can make decoctions, infusions or teas from a flower. Infusions of pansies are advised to treat diseases of the respiratory system, for example, diseases of the bronchi, pneumonia, tuberculosis.
Drops made from plants can even cure sinusitis. Violet tricolor copes well with itching after mosquito bites in young children..
We recommend to watch a video about the medicinal properties of Pansies (tricolor violet):
What does symbolize?
Pansies symbolize loyalty, wisdom, devotion. They also symbolize the arrival of spring, since they are first to bloom after the snow melts.
Legend of the flower
There are many legends about the flower and its origin.. One of the legends says that once the girl Annie showed excessive curiosity. She became interested in the details of the lives of strangers. And in punishment it was turned into a plant.
In ancient Russia existed their beliefs about pansies. They said that because of love, the girl Annie turned into a flower. She fell in love with a young man who reciprocated. But since the young man was from a rich family, his parents insisted that he marry another, better off. Anyuta could not stand such a betrayal and died.
There was another legend. In the village lived a girl named Anyuta. She was trusting and kind. Once, a young man of attractive appearance came to her village. Annie could not resist and trusted him, but he deceived her. The guy said he would come back for her, but he never came again. The girl soon died of depression, and on her grave wonderful flowers bloomed, which looked like her beautiful eyes.
In Germany, Pansies are called stepmother. And such a name was coined by chance. The bottom petal is the largest and most beautiful. The petal symbolizes a clothed stepmother. Petals a little higher - they are dressed up daughters. The two remaining petals symbolize stepdaughters in poor robes.
Conclusion
Pansies are a beautiful flower about which legends and legends lie. He has not only unusual buds with multi-colored spots depending on the variety. He is a real helper in diseases when traditional medicine is less effective.
