Sort of pears Chizhovskaya is one of most popular varieties of pears on North-West, Central region and the Middle Volga region of our country.
In regions with a temperate climate, this variety, which has a universal purpose, is well established. It is used fresh, used for canning, making compotes and jams.
Reviews of gardeners impressed you and you also want a pear variety Chizhovskaya to grow in your garden, but You are interested in questions:
- How are pears planted or cared for?
- When does it ripen?
- When to harvest from a pear (i.e. when to harvest fruit)?
- What diseases can hurt her?
- What pollinators does she need?
If so, then this article is for you: here you will find a complete description of the Chizhovskaya pear variety, a photo of the fruit and other characteristics.
What kind of pears refers?
Sort listed in the State Register since 1993 and is one of the most popular in Moscow region, Vladimir region, in the vicinity of Samara.
Pear Chizhovskaya high-yielding variety, it is necessary to collect fruits late summerwhen not every pear can please you with its fruits.
High yields can also boast: Duchess, Fairy, Bere Bosk, Bere Russkaya and Uralochka.
Breeding history and breeding region
Over the breeding of this pear in the Moscow Academy of Timiryazev worked S.T. Chizhov and S.P. Potapov. They used the old Belgian variety as parental forms. Forest beauty and pear Olga, bred at the time the famous Far Eastern breeder A.M. Lukashov.
The same varieties belong to his hand: Kupava, Perun, Lel, Rogneda and Sverdlovchanka.
The forest beauty has enriched the new variety with its positive qualities: pleasant taste and undemanding to the conditions of cultivation.
From Olga Chizhovskaya inherited an excellent winter hardiness and ability to resist scab, high fruitfulness.
The variety owes its name to one of the authors, Sergey Tikhonovich Chizhov, after whom they named the pear.
Despite this, consumers often vary the name of a pear, the Chizhovskaya variety, as soon as its name is not: pear Chizhevsky, Chizhevskaya.
But you should stick to the correct name given in honor of one of its authors - Sergey Tikhonovich Chizhov. At least out of respect for this breeder.
Description variety Chizhovsky
Consider separately the appearance of the tree and fruit.
Tree
Pear Chizhovskaya has the form medium tall tree 2-2.5 meters high. The young tree has a narrow crown, by the time of fruiting it becomes pyramidal or conical.
The degree of foliar content is quite dense crowns - medium or above average. Shtamb has a dark gray color, branches a little lighter. Fruiting tree on kolchatkah.
Skeletal branches are located in a vertically inclined position. The shoots are slightly curved, their thickness and length reach medium sizes.
The skin of the shoots is colored red-brown, covered with occasionally scattered medium-sized lentils, almost not towering above its surface. The internodes are not long or medium in size, there is no pubescence.
The cone-shaped buds are dark brown in color and are rejected on the branches.
The elongated oval leaves are painted in a saturated green color, noticeably curved along the central vein.
The average thickness of the leaves have a smooth plane of the plate with a complete lack of hairiness.
The flowers of the Chizhovsky pear are white, the petals are calyx-shaped. The thyroid inflorescences consist of 5-7 flowers.
Fetus
Features of the fruit:
- weight about 120-140 grams;
- pear surface smooth and matte;
- typical pear-shaped, sometimes obovate;
- main pear color green with a yellow tint, the coverslip is weakly expressed, only occasionally there is a light pinkish blush;
- axial cavity with a wide oval heart;
- in fruits 5-10 medium-sized brown seeds ripen;
- the pulp of pears is light yellow, almost white, medium juiciness, half-oily structure, melting in the mouth, pleasant fresh taste;
- average the level of sugars is 9%, acidity - 0.45%.
A photo
Specifications
In the period of fruiting pear Chizhovskaya enters 3-4 year. This sort of fruit regularly, giving annually 50-60 kg fruits from an adult tree. Pears not inclined to crumble, and falling on the cloth cover, can lie for about a week without losing its properties.
Pears have high commercial quality: attractive appearance, impeccable taste. Fruits are well transported and well kept.
The following varieties can boast of excellent taste: Yakovlevskaya, Krasulya, Children's, Severyanka Krasnoshchekaya and Talgar beauty.
At a temperature of + 1, + 2 degrees they may persist up to 4 months. Chizhovskaya pear has tendency to shredding fruits with ageThis is a noticeable disadvantage of the variety.
To avoid age grinding pears, it is necessary to periodically carry out anti-aging pruning. They do it in early spring, before the start of sap flow. Approximately this period falls on March.
Variety has high degree of frost resistance. There were no cases of freezing of the tree in the middle zone.
Also good grade tolerates other adverse conditions: lack of moisture, high summer temperatures.
Since this variety is almost self-infested, the best pollinators for Chizhovskaya pear: Rogneda, Severyanka, Lada.
Planting and care
Planting pears varieties Chizhovskaya requires soil in the area with slightly acidic soil. If the acidity of the soil is too high, then it is necessary to further lime.
In the soil with an alkaline reaction is recommended to add Potassium salt and superphosphate: they will acidify the soil and add mineral elements to it.
The introduction of these substances should be made several months before the intended planting of the seedling, so that they are sufficiently dissolved in the soil.
Landing pit size: meter diameter and half meter depth. The bottom of the fossa should be loose. A peg is driven into the hole before planting, to which the seedling is then tied. Him located on the south sideso he will create additional protection of the stem from the burning sun.
Incorrectly to drive a stake after planting a seedling, so you can damage the roots. The pit is prepared for 3-4 weeks before landing.
Pear Chizhovskaya planted in autumn (October) or spring (April), but experienced gardeners claim that the pear takes root better and tolerates winter if it was planted in the fall. Roots fall asleep nutrient soil.
Manure and mineral salts are not applied during planting in order to provide the best conditions for planting.
After backfilling, the soil is thoroughly compacted and watered with a young plant.
For irrigation you will need 1.5-2 buckets of distilled water, which is topped up with absorption. After watering the well mulch.
Pruning planted plants should be directed on the elimination of dried branches. Also produce primary shaping of the crown, leaving 3-4 main branches.
Further the seedling needs regular watering if the weather is without rain.
Pristol circle regularly weed, maintain mulch conservation.
A young plant may suffer from aphids and ants, it is necessary to take preventive measures.
Diseases and pests
The high degree of resistance of this variety to diseases and pests have made the Chizhovskaya Pear very popular with amateur gardeners. Resistance of the tree to the disease //selo.guru/ptitsa/bolezni-p/gribkovye/parsha.html and other fungal diseases are very high. It grows well and bears fruit without treatments with pesticides.
Resistance to scab is demonstrated by such pear varieties: Dessert Rossoshanskaya, Osennaya Yakovleva, Marble, Larinskaya and Svarog.
In winter, the seedling is necessary protect against hares and sunburn. To do this, the trunk is wrapped with matter (old stockings can be used) or tied with spruce fur twigs.
Unpretentious and tasty pear Chizhovskaya continues to conquer all new regions.
No problem it is grown in the southern regions of Russia, in Ukraine and Belarus.
Great the ability of the variety to endure the winter cold gives grounds to promote this variety in more northern regions.
Watch a video about the Chizhovskaya variety, in which you will find out how long it has ripened, what a pear looks like, and much more:
