Apple Trees July Chernenko widely distributed throughout Russia.
Their main advantages are early ripening and amazing fruit taste.
The apple tree of this variety will become a real pearl of your garden and will delight you with early juicy fruits.
What kind is it?
Apple varieties July Chernenko include to summer types of apples.
The fruits are filled with juice and ripen completely. by the end of July.
Ripe apples do not fall, harvesting is best done in two stages.
The period of consumption of the harvested apples short
When stored in a dark, cool place, the fruit will retain its characteristics in for 1 month.
It is best to use apples of this variety freshly harvested.
Summer varieties include Melba, Gorno-Altaisky, Gornist, Malinovka, Apple Spas, Bely Naliv, Yandykovskoe, Yubilyar, Terentyevka, Soliantan's Shining, Silver Hoof, Solntsedar, Yuzhny.
Pollination
Apple trees are cross-pollinated plants. Apple cultivar July Chernenko is pollinated by insects.
However, the best pollinators for him will be varieties Lungwort and Quinty.
Description varieties July Chernenko
When choosing an apple tree, the main role for the gardener is played by the appearance of the tree and its fruits.
Apple trees of this variety are enough high, they can grow to 5 meters in height.
Their crown is thick, oval. The branches are slightly upwards.
Shoots - small, heavily scrubbed.
The leaves are voluminous, oval, green.
Sheet plate is smooth, edges slightly jagged.
Inflorescences - large, white.
Small fruits, round shape. The ribs are not pronounced. The color of the apple is light green, as it matures a pink blush appears.
The skin is of medium thickness, smooth to the touch. Saucer - not pronounced. The funnel is very narrow, deep. The flesh is white, dense enough, sweet and sour.
A photo
Breeding history
This variety was bred in the All-Russian Research Institute of Genetics and Breeding of Fruit Plants named after I.V. Michurin.
Engaged in the development of varieties S.F. Chernenko. To obtain a new variety was used method hybridization.
In the role of genetic material made varieties Anise velvet and Papirovka.
Anise velvet was used as a mother variety.
For hybridization were selected 20 trees of the parent variety, aged 10 years.
Father variety served as a pollinator.
During breeding, it was possible to obtain seeds of a new variety, however, they turned out to be of little viable.
To improve the quality of seeds, stratification was carried out for 4 months.
Subsequently, the landing of a new variety was successful, and later on, the caregiver (mentor) method was used in caring for it.
The grade has passed hardening in cold conditions. to develop frost resistance. Now the apple variety of July Chernenko is widely used as a genetic material for breeding.
Natural distribution region
The region of natural distribution of this variety are Central and Middle Volga regions of Russia.
Thanks to its frost resistance variety has become widespread in the territory Ukraine and Belarus.
Apple trees of this variety are quite well adapted to the harsh winter.
When growing a variety in a harsh climate with strong frosts need to carry out regular feeding trees.
Young seedling needs to be fed 2 times per year, and for the winter to completely wrap his trunk. This will avoid the freezing of the tree.
When adapting a variety to dry conditions, it is important to provide abundant watering.
Apple trees love wet and loose soilbecause in the spring they accumulate useful substances.
This process in apple trees occurs through the root system, through which they absorb nutrients from the soil in a dissolved form.
With insufficient watering, this process does not take place at the proper level, which can later lead to depletion of the apple tree.
Yield
The yield of this variety is very good. The first fruits he brings already for 4 years after landing. The weight of a ripe fruit is about 100 grams.
With one apple can be collected up to 50 kilograms of apples. Ripe fruits do not fall off, and firmly hold on the stalk. Harvest period falls at the end of July. It is worth picking apples in stages so that all the fruits have ripened.
Apple trees of this variety are bearing fruit. Once a year, with the age of the tree, the frequency of fruiting decreases.
Apple varieties have high yields: Koreas, Kovrovoe, Uslada, Prima, Persianka, Memory of Ulyanischev, Rossoshanskie, Sunny, Sokolovskoye, Stroyevskoye, Welsey, Chudnoye.
Planting and care
The planting stage is very important for an apple tree. Only by adhering to all the rules of planting and care can you grow a beautiful and healthy tree.
Initially, you need to decide on the place and time of landing.
Apple varieties July Chernenko unpretentious to the landing site. but Apple trees are best planted in groups of 3 trees.
To plant an apple tree July Chernenko need at a distance 4-5 meters from each other.
As for the time of planting, the period from July end of September to mid-October.
Preparations for planting need to begin this week. For seedlings need to prepare pits depth no more than 60 centimeters and 1 meter wide.
The ground in the pits need to loosen and fertilize. When planting, you should always keep an eye on the root neck.. It must be strictly at ground level. After planting, the apple tree needs to be watered abundantly, this will help the earth to wrap the roots more closely.
Tip: ideal for apple trees is an open, well-lit place.
Caring for an apple tree is very time consuming. It should start from the end of March, and end at the end of November.
Depending on the season, care measures can be divided into three stages:
- Spring: inspection of the tree, pruning damaged branches, treatment of wounds.
- Summer: regular watering, cleaning the soil around the apple tree, treatment from pests.
- Autumn: whitewashing and wrapping the trunk, feeding the apple.
Observing these measures of care, you can maintain the health of your apple for many years.
Diseases and pests
Apple trees of this grade do not differ in special resistance to diseases.
The most dangerous for them are:
Mealy dew. To combat powdery mildew, damaged wood should be regularly treated with Hom.
Cytosporosis. In the fight against cytosporosis, the drug Hom will also become a reliable assistant.
Scab. To defeat the scab apple you need to spray Topaz.
Bacterial burn. This disease occurs through the fault of man. The only measure to combat it - the destruction of the lesion and disinfection of apple trees.
Fruit rot. This disease is not treated, it is important to prevent its spread. Damaged fruits must be immediately removed and disposed of.
Pests for apple trees are:
Green aphid. For the destruction of aphids need to process the apple tree with a solution of soap.
Listoblashka. Karbofos solution will help to get rid of this insect.
Apple moth. Destroy the mole can processing wood solution of chlorophos.
Listovertka. It is rather difficult to fight with a leaf-maker; only spraying with nitrofen solution can destroy it.
Codling moth. To prevent the attack of the flower eater, treat the wood with chlorophos solution.
Summarizing, we can say that the apple varieties of the July Chernenko are well suited for breeding in house farms.
They are unpretentious in conditions of growth, and their juicy, ripe fruits like both adults and children.
Apples of this variety will delight you in fresh or canned form.
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