All grape varieties have their own distinctive qualities, for which gardeners love them.
This concerns not only the taste characteristics and size of the clusters, but also zoning, growth, ripening and removal times, and rules of planting and care.
It is about these characteristics of the grape variety "Codreanca", which is considered the earliest variety, and will tell you below.
We focus your attention on all the most important points that you need to know when starting to grow grapes, and also tell you about the beneficial properties of this variety.
Grapes "Kodryanka" - record holder for ripening
This variety received its positive qualities from parents, which are the Moldova grape variety, crossed with the Marshall variety. It was bred in Moldova, which for centuries has been famous for its winemaking, and it is worth noting that this variety is highly valued at home.
Grape clusters "Kodryanki" - what is famous and what is different?
Attentive and vigilant gardeners of the Kodryanka grape bush will delight with very large bunches of grapes. In this way, the weight of one bunch on average is about 500-600 grams, but individual clusters can 1500 grams.
At the same time, in spite of their impressive mass, they are very firmly attached to the bush, so they can hang on it for a long time already in its mature state. It is worth noting that the berries are placed on the cluster moderately compacted, tearing them from the cluster is quite convenient, without damaging the neighboring ones. Characteristic berries also deserve special attention.
Sizes of grape berries Codreanka varieties are very large, their average weight is 6-8 grams. The average height of the berries are 3.1 centimeters, and width - 1.9. The shape of the berry is most often found elongated or ovoid. The skin of the grape has a dark purple color, close to black.
The layer of pruine (wax coating that covers the surface of the grape berries) is quite large, but it does not compact the skin, but only serves as protection. Peel is actually not felt when eating berries in food.
Pulp the grape berry Kodryanka has a very good and rich grape flavor. In its structure, the pulp is very fleshy and juicy. Berries are also characterized by the presence of a small number of seeds, which, however, are able without a pipe to separate from the pulp. The content in the pulp of sugars is much higher than the amount of acid in it. Thus, the amount of sugars berries Codreanka on average is 18-19%, while acids - 6-8g / l.
Berries have table purpose, very often grown for sale, because the clusters of this variety can be stored for a very long period of time.
Used grapes and winemaking, because it contains a large amount of juice and sugars. Dried fruits are not made from it, because it has seeds in the berries.
On the yield of grapes "Kodryanka"
This variety was fallen in love to gardeners and lovers of grapes, not so much in their taste as in large volumes of crops. And what should have been expected with such large berries and clusters. It is also worth noting that the bush in the Codryanka grape variety usually has very strong growth and is distinguished by its large size. By the second year after planting or vaccination, it is already able to grow to impressive size and give first yields.
Terms of ripening "Kodryanki" come very early. As already noted, the berries of this variety ripen among the first. Their vegetative period lasts only 110-118 days. At the same time, it is worth paying attention that even before the onset of full ripeness of the berries, they already become fit for human consumption. In particular, already with grape sugar indicators of 12-14%, it acquires a very good taste.
Acidity at "Kodryanki" decreases very quickly. After ripening, the grapes and berries can remain hanging on the bush for a very long period of time, without losing both their external characteristics and taste.
The main advantages of the Codrean grape variety for which he is loved
- The variety is marked by a high degree of resistance to diseases characteristic of vineyards. The degree of damage to his gray rot and mildew is only about 3 points.
- “Codreanka” grapes bushes are practically not afraid of low temperatures. Even with frost rates of -23ºС, absolutely no damage was noted on the bushes.
- Clusters and grapes have a very high presentation, for which they are very much appreciated. Also, it is well combined with this characteristic that the clusters can be well transported, since the skin of the berries is very dense and they are practically not crushed when shaken. The shelf life of grapes "Kodryanka" long.
- Yields are very high, they occur regularly every year. At the same time, yields are not very susceptible to negative weather conditions, they do not decrease in their total number.
- The variety "Codreanca" is very well suited for cultivation in private areas.
The shortcomings of the variety and how to deal with them
Despite the fact that the overall yield indicators of the Kodryanka grapes practically do not decrease under any circumstances, it still sometimes has pea berries may occur. This fact must be taken into account and take the necessary measures to prevent this. To avoid pea grapes, experienced gardeners prematurely use a drug such as gibberelin. With it, you can easily prevent not only pea, but also achieve the growth of large grapes without pits.
It is important to know:
Hornberry berries are considered significant flaws only if the grapes are intended for sale. Because of the pea, it loses its attractive presentation and is not so highly valued. However, on the other hand, thanks to pea berries, they are able to reach a period of consumer maturity much faster.
It is noted that small berries have a much higher concentration of sugar in their composition. Thus, the small grapes of Kodryadka grapes have much higher taste indices. In addition, they are not so cracked when precipitation is abundant and rot to a lesser extent.
What you need to know about the beneficial and healing properties of grapes "Codreanka"?
Chemical composition of grapes The Kodryanka varieties are simply saturated with various useful vitamins that can positively affect the state of the human body.
- Grape juice "Kodryanki" contains vitamins C, B and P, as well as vitamins included in their group. The skin and pulp of this variety is very rich in pectin. They are rich in carotenes. It is worth noting that in addition to increasing the level of immunity, these substances are able to act and contribute to the process of cleansing the body from radionuclides and other heavy substances.
Thus, this grape is very useful to those people who live in cities near large chemical enterprises. Also, the grapes of this variety is an excellent antioxidant.
- The chemical composition of grapes "Kodryanka" is also rich in substances that have an antiseptic effect on the body, they are human defenders from infection with various infections. These include enzyme, lipase, nitrogenous substances and phytoncides.
- "Codrean" is recommended for fresh consumption to those who suffer from chronic bronchitis, has problems with the liver and cardiovascular system, trying to cure anemia and gout.
We start planting grapes "Kodryanka". General guidelines
It is worth noting that the great advantage of the Codrean grape variety when it is planted is that it is not very whimsical to the soil. It can be grown in completely unsuitable for agricultural soils, while the yield of grapes will still remain high and it will very firmly take root in any place.
Moreover, his fame throughout the world was also deserved by his ability to take root and bear fruit in various climatic conditions. Of course, we are not talking about the tropics and the North, but the grapes grow well both in the South of Ukraine and Russia, and in their Central and Northern regions. But still, and starting to plant this variety of grapes should take into account many features.
How and how to propagate grapes "Kodryanka"?
This grape variety mainly reproduces due to the annual sapling. This method of reproduction is considered the most effective and simple, because it does not require much time and labor. But, if you already have grapes on the plot, which you want to replace with the “Codrean”, you can use the grafting method. For this, only an annual “Codreanka” cutting will be used, which will need to be grafted onto a specially split stem of a grape bush.
What is the time for planting grapes?
If we are talking about planting a grape seedling, then the best time for this will be either late autumn, before the onset of constant frosts, or early spring, when the snow has just melted, and the buds have not yet started to bud.
It is possible to inoculate the grape cuttings almost all year round, both in spring, and in summer and autumn. Depending on the type of vaccination you choose, the time for when this process should be carried out will also depend. If you want to plant a "black" (that is, not yet bloomed) cutting to the "black" stock, this will be a very early spring.
If the "black" cutting to the "green" stock, then the best time will be both the end of spring and the first days of summer. "Green to Green" grapes are planted in the fall, approximately in the first half of October.
Rules and features of planting grape seedlings
- The planting of the Kodryanka grape sapling should be carried out only in advance prepared pit. Its depth should not be great, but at its bottom should be poured the earth mixed with fertilizer to saturate it with nutrients.
- Place the seedling in the pit should be carefully and gradually filled with fertile soil in such a way that in no case will damage the roots of the bush.
- The soil, which is used to fill the pit, can be slightly fertilized with mineral substances.
- It is important to drive a solid support into the soil near the sapling, to which you will need to attach it. With the help of backwater grapes can be sent to the side that will be most acceptable for its weaving.
- After planting the grapes it is very important to water the soil abundantly. Thanks to this, the sapling will start to grow much better and grow faster. If the grapes are planted in the fall, then the likelihood of frostbite of the bush is reduced due to wet soil.
- When planting in autumn, it is very important to spud a seedling, otherwise it will freeze. To do this, you can put a tub over it with a broken bottom and completely fill it with soil.
Planting grapes by grafting cuttings
If you have chosen to plant a grafting method for planting, then the following instructions should be followed in order:
- The stalk must be prepared in advance. It must be waxed (only the upper part) and put into the water.
- The lower part of the cutting is cut in a wedge-shaped manner and placed in a special solution of the drug "Humate" (10 drops per 1 liter of water), which stimulates root formation.
- The grape bush stem also needs to be prepared by carefully treating the cut to obtain a smooth surface and removing all the rubbish with a wet rag.
- Next shtamb should be carefully split with a small hatchet and a hammer.
- The stem is placed in the split by the part that was cut. It is important that the sides of the cuts appear to be a stump. Further, this whole structure is very tightly bonded with a cotton fabric and coated with clay.
- For the winter, such an inoculation should also be tucked in the same way as the seedling.
It is also interesting to read about the best grapes for the Moscow region
Features care for grapes varieties "Kodryanka"
Proper care of grapes is the basis of its harvest. Therefore, planting in your site ingradad do not forget about the following features of care.
Features watering grapes.
Grapes for good growth need a lot of moisture. After all, the grape bush of the Kodryanka variety is capable of growing very widely and producing great harvests, for which it requires a lot of resources. Therefore, watering the grapes should be carried out regularly, depending on weather conditions. A young bush should have at least 3 buckets of water, a large and an adult should have at least 6.
Proper mulching of the soil around the vine.
To keep the water in the ground for longer and really benefit the grapevine, the soil around it should be mulched. For this, humus or peat is most often used. But to mulch the soil is only in early spring and autumn, because in the summer mulching may cause the roots of the grapes to stumble and start to rot. Laying out the mulching substance should be all over the diameter around the grapes.
Do I need to cover the grapes for the winter?
Although this variety is resistant to frost, in the first years after planting it must be constantly spud and sheltered, otherwise you can completely lose the grape bush. In addition to hilling the soil, you can cover the grapes with hay or straw, putting something heavier on top so that the hay is not carried by the wind.
Pruning grapes - goals and rules.
Cut the grapes in the early years is not worth it. He alone will be able to develop and bear fruit without pruning. But already with the onset of fruiting in the autumn, it is still recommended to prune the young shoots, since they still will not be able to survive the winter. At an older age of the bush in the fall pruning of dried cuttings and those that are not fruiting is carried out. Thanks pruning can properly direct the growth of the bush.
How to fertilize grapes "Kodryanka"?
In fertilizers, this grape variety is practically not required. In the majority, it will be enough for those substances that will flow to the roots from mulching. Once a year, under the spring digging of the soil, you can apply organic matter and mineral fertilizers, while evenly spreading them around the whole stem of the grapevine.
Protection of grapes from pests and diseases.
The variety "Codreanca" is highly resistant to damage by various diseases, therefore standard preparations can be used for spraying it. To control pests and rodents for the winter, the shtamb shrubs can be tied with spruce and spud well.
