Brugmansia is a treelike thermophilic shrub up to 5 meters high. This beautiful plant belongs to the family of the nightshade, looks quite powerful and exotic.
The leaves have the shape of an ellipse up to 50 cm long. Leaf growth is rather unusual - a line of elongated leaves with a smooth edge alternates with a line of shorter leaves with an uneven contour.
Flowers of various shades of yellow, peach, orange, red, pink flowers, and also multi-color versions. Flowers have the form of a bell with a diameter of up to 20 cm, up to half a meter in length, very fragrant.
In our climate, the cultivation of brugmansiya in the open field is impossible, because the frosty winter will destroy it. The optimal place for its growth will be a greenhouse, winter garden or garden plot in summer, and in winter the plant should be moved to a bright cool room with a temperature of + 5 ... +12 ° C.
Important! Brugmancia is a poisonous plant, and its pleasant aroma can cause headaches, sometimes even hallucinations.
How often propagated Brugmans
There are several popular breeding methods for this plant:
- cuttings - As a rule, shoots of 15-25 cm in length are used for this breeding method, preferably annual shoots with apical bud. If you multiply Brugmansia with perennial shoots, then a young plant will give flowers much later, it is possible that the flowering lag by a year in comparison with the one-year cutting.
The cuttings are carried out in May-June. To do this, the lower leaves need to be removed from the cut stem and placed in a container with water. You can cover it with a film to create a greenhouse effect.In the case of decay of the cutting, the affected area is cut off, the water is replaced with fresh water and a couple of tablets of activated carbon are added to it for disinfection.
The stalk is placed in a warm, well-lit place, the roots will appear after 14-17 days. After the roots grow to 5 cm, cuttings can be planted in the substrate of sand, peat and perlite in a ratio of 1: 1: 1. Planted cutting should be in a warm room, and he needs regular spraying;
- air layouts - this method assumes the following: in a developed apical shoot, a cross section is made in the form of a wedge, wrapped in moss moss and polyethylene. If desired, the incision can be treated with a preparation to accelerate the root formation.
In the future, the resulting "knot" with moss moisturize, it is convenient to do this with a syringe without a needle. After 35-45 days, the sprout starts up the roots, it is cut, the flowers and part of the leaves are removed for better growth of the young plant, and then they are planted in a prepared substrate for a permanent place of growth.
The seedling is placed in a dark place and sprayed daily. Reproduction by layings is carried out in the spring;
- planting brugmansia seeds - this method of reproduction is one of the most popular due to availability and ease, but it has one drawback: the varietal characteristics (flower shape, color and size) are not always transmitted to young plants in full. Next, we consider the sowing of seeds in more detail.
The cuttings are carried out in May-June. To do this, the lower leaves need to be removed from the cut stem and placed in a container with water. You can cover it with a film to create a greenhouse effect.When sowing brugmansii, planting dates amazing plants
When planning to grow brugmancia from seeds, you need to know when to plant it. The optimal time for sowing seeds is the period from January to March, while the depth of planting should be in the range of 5-10 mm.
For better germination of seeds, it is recommended to slightly scrape off the cover with a knife and soak them for a day in warm water with the addition of root-stimulating or Heteroauxin-based root-stimulating agents.
Did you know? The aroma of flowers at night is greatly enhanced.
Planting Brugmansia seeds: how to prepare the ground for planting a flower
When thinking about planting Brugmansia, as well as how to plant it properly, you should pay due attention to the landing capacity. The ideal option for Brugmansia is a pot made of clay or ceramics, if it is impossible to use them, a pot made of plastic of at least 15 liters is used.
If it is planned that after planting Brugmancia seeds will grow in a pot year-round, it makes sense to purchase a container of light colors to avoid overheating of the root system. At the bottom of the pot a layer of drainage is filled up in 3 cm of expanded clay, pebbles or rubble.
The soil for Brugmansia should be light and not acidic, garden soil is well suited. Possible application for planting nutrient substrate: peat, humus, loamy earth in proportion 2: 1: 1. The prepared soil is poured into a pot with drainage and watered with a warm solution of manganese for disinfection.
Growing Brugmansia from seed: planting and caring for seedlings
The soil for Brugmancia and growing it from seeds is well loosened and moistened, after which the seed is planted to a depth of 5-10 mm and the pot is covered with glass or film. After planting seeds, the container should be in a well-lit place at a temperature of + 22 ... +25 ° C.
The soil is periodically moistened, you need to make sure that there is no stagnation of moisture in the pot. After about 12-55 days, the first shoots appear, after which the shelter is removed. How much seeds of brugmancia will sprout depends on the degree of seed freshness and the balance of temperature and humidity of the surrounding air.
Important! Commercially, atropine and scopolamine alkaloids are obtained from Brugmansia.Seedlings are sprayed several times a day, and also provide them with moderate watering. In the case of planting several seeds in a container, they are planted in individual pots after the seedling has 5-6 leaflets. When transplanting, seedlings are deepened into the ground until the seedbed leaf.
How to care for seedlings of Brugmansia, especially the cultivation of Brugmansia from seeds
Brugmancia seedlings need to be protected from drafts and wind, regularly loosen the soil and place the container with seedlings in a well-lit, spacious place. In low light, Brugmansia will change the color of the leaves, and the shoots will stretch too much.
The plant is practically not susceptible to diseases, but it is attacked by pests - a spider mite with insufficient ventilation and caterpillars, slugs and snails with excessive humidity. In order to avoid damage to the plant by pests, it is necessary to periodically treat Brugmancia with insecticides and collect large specimens by hand.
Watering brugmansii
Quite large leaves evaporate a large amount of moisture, so the plant requires abundant watering in the summer, in the cold season the intensity of watering decreases. In no case should the soil be allowed to dry out, as well as the stagnation of water in the ground, this can lead to the death of Brugmansia. Watering should be done with warm water. On hot days in the evenings you can spray the leaves with water.
How and when to fertilize seedlings of Brugmans
Two-month-old Brugmancia seedlings grown from seeds can be started to be fed with small doses of nitrogen fertilizers with a frequency of 7-10 days. Five months after the emergence of shoots, Brugmancia is fed with complex fertilizers every 10 days for better plant growth. Adult blooming Brugmansia is nourished with potassium and phosphorus mineral fertilizers.
Did you know? In some countries, Brugmansia is used as a medicine.
When can be planted in open ground Brugmans
Since Brugmansia is a thermophilic shrub, it grows at an ambient temperature of at least +5 ° C. If you own a garden plot in a warm climate zone, you can replant seedlings of Brugmancia in the autumn of the same year when the seeds were planted.
If you live in the middle lane, after the first wintering after planting the seeds and emergence of shoots from April you can transplant Brugmancia into open ground. The main condition - the air temperature should not fall below +5 ° C.
In this case, transplantation should be carried out by transferring the entire contents of the pot - the root system with the soil in open ground into a spacious area without the slightest drafts. In winter, the plant is dug out with the soil and placed in a pot, after which it is transferred to a well-lit room with a temperature of + 5 ... +13 ° C.
A gorgeous exotic plant, sometimes called the “trumpet of an angel” for a flower that looks like a musical instrument, grows from the seeds of Brugmancia with little effort. The plant can bloom several times per season, up to mid-December, decorating with its views garden or interior.
