In order to grow a coffee tree at home, you first need to choose a grade. Arabica and Nana varieties are rather unpretentious for home conditions, so you should choose them.
Wooden tub or pot is better to choose high and deep, because the roots of the tree are large and grow down. The soil must be drained, crumbly, so that water can flow into it freely.
For the best survival of the tree, you need to add three lobes of leafy soil, two lobes of greenhouse soil, one lobe of the upper part of peat and one lobe of clean river sand. And so that the soil does not become too acidic, you need to add a few pieces of charcoal to it.
Please note that in no case you can not put a coffee tree in the sunespecially under bright rays. Because under natural conditions it grows in the shade of tall trees, albeit in a tropical climate. For a coffee tree, preferably a warm enough place, moderately light, in which there will not be no drafts.
In cold seasons, you need to maintain the temperature in the room from 19 to 23 °.
It is worth remembering that the tree grows quite high (up to one and a half meters and above), so the room is better to choose a high ceiling.
Growing from seed
The easiest way to buy a small tree in the store, because the coffee tree is grown from seeds or propagated from cuttings, it is quite difficult and long.
So, how to grow a coffee tree at home? If you grow a tree from seed, you will need to wait two months until they germinate.
Two or three hours before planting, they should be placed in warm boiled water. Then you need to remove the peel from the surface, and rinse the seeds themselves with a light solution of potassium permanganate. They need to sit down with the flat side down, and the convex - up.
Land in a pot will need to be sprayed with water and gently loosen. And for better seed germination, it is better to cover the pot with an impermeable film or a transparent lid, if the pot is very small, you can simply cover with a liter jar.
Two months later, sprouts should appear, in which case they will need to be transplanted into a larger pot.
If, instead of a sprout, you find only a root, you will have to transplant it into a smaller pot so that the seed tries to grow the sprout, and not to the root.
The first leaves appear above the ground in the "shirt" from the seeds, then they drop it - just at this period it is important to moisten the soil in a pot. Then you need to give the plant to get used to drier air and several times a day to remove the lid (jar or film) from the pot.
You can completely remove the coating when brown spots appear on the stalk - this is normal, the plant turns into a tree, whose trunks are known to be brown.
A coffee tree grown from seed produces fruit only in the fourth year.
Growing from cuttings
The coffee tree cannot be grown from a leaf, only from a seed or a cutting. It is easier to grow a tree from cutting than from a seed, and the plant itself begins to bloom when it takes root. It is better to take a stalk with four leaves from the center of an already fruiting tree.
To get the roots, you need to thoroughly scratch the bottom of the cutting: a few strips along.
Next you need to dissolve heteroauxin in water: ¼ tablets for one and a half liters of water, then place the cutting in water for three to five hours, this will help the tree roots to develop faster.
Indolyl butyric acid can be used: 25 mg per 0.5 liter of warm water, in this case the cuttings are kept in solution for 16 hours.
Any soil can be taken, but the main thing is well-drained, for best results, peat and perlite 1 to 1 will be useful (they should be carefully mixed). The soil before planting is shed with a small solution of potassium permanganate. How to prepare the soil for the coffee tree, you can find in the relevant article on our website.
Plant the cuttings to a depth of 2 to 2.5 cm, immersing 2 lower leaves in the soil, then spilling again with the same solution of potassium permanganate: this is necessary for disinfecting the soil, and also for the tree to stick better.
Also, the house grows the following tree houseplants: Ficus "Eden", "Black Prince", "Bengal", "Kinki", Cypress "Goldcrest Vilma", Avocados, Lemons "Panderosa", "Pavlovsky", some types of ornamental conifers and others . Many of them are suitable for making bonsai.
Then the pot with the seedling is covered with a plastic bag with a pair of holes at the top: through them you will need to moisten the ground around the tree. The temperature around our saplings is better maintained from 25 ° to 32 °.
About four months later, a bud should appear at the top, followed by a pair of leaves. Only then it will be possible to transplant a seedling. It is necessary to carefully dig it out of the ground, the roots by this time should already be formed.
Then you need to plant it in a pot in the soil, as for planting seeds, water well and leave for a week in a dark place. Only after the expiration of this period can be put on the place chosen for him.
In the photo below you can get acquainted with the appearance of the coffee tree:
Fertilizer
Fertilizers we need once a month, it is: nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium, and trace elements.
- For those who have their own farm, you can get fertilizer yourself: nitrogen from chicken droppings, you need to fill it with water in a bucket and wait until all organic compounds disintegrate: gas bubbles and a strong odor cease to appear - our nitrogenous fertilizer is ready. It is important to dilute it with water three to one. (3 parts of water), otherwise you can harm the plant.
- Phosphorus can be obtained from superphosphate: it must be poured into clean water and then heated to about 50 ° C in order for the reaction to take place better.
- Potassium can be obtained from wood ash. Mix ashes in warm water and leave for a day to stand.
Useful and dry mullein, they usually cover the soil in a pot.
The coffee tree blooms in the third year. It blooms in the form of green tendrils that grow from the stomata of leaves. They do not need to cut, it is not shoots, and buds.
Then their tops turn white, and inflorescences form on them, which last only a day or two.
The ovary of the fetus is formed in the pedicel. Green grains ripen within seven to eight months. Then change color to white, and later - to red.
From a three-year tree it is possible to collect up to 180 grains.
Coffee beans
Red grains need to be peeled and dried in the oven for about 70-80 °. Then the seeds are dried on a windowsill on a spread newspaper for 10 days.
After you can fry them in a frying pan, like seeds - that's when they turn brown, ready for grinding and eating. Remember that caffeine in this coffee is four times more than in the store.
Growing a coffee tree is not so easy, but if you do it right and monitor the health of the plant, it will thank you for a delicious coffee that will warm you in the cold.
In any case, the tree will delight you with its beautiful view.
