The breed of Plymouth Chickens (English Plymouth Rock - from the name of the American city of Plymouth and the word "rock") appeared in the USA in the middle of the 19th century by long and complex crossing of Javanese (Black Java), Kokhinkhinskaya, Langshan and Dominican (Dominique) breeds of chickens with black spanish roosters.
The name reflected the most important characteristic of this bird - a strong and compact constitution, a large amount of tasty meat, growing in a short period.
She was brought out by an American farmer W. Wooster, crossing a Javanese pedigree chicken with a purebred rooster in a black-and-white-striped bared (barred) color. In 1910, the standard of the American Poultry Association consolidated signs of the Plymouth rock.
Both in America and in Europe, Plymouthrocks of white color are bred more - this variety has high meat properties and vitalitywhile remaining unpretentious to the conditions of detention. Striped plymutrok keep for decorative purposes.
Breed description Plymouth
Plymouthrocks are considered the largest hens of common breeds.
There are two types - English and American. English type has a larger form. There is also a dwarf form (Plymouth Brook).
The color of the plumage of Plymouth brooks is from white to black. Are meeting eight color options: white, gray, fawn, striped, partridge, black (tied with silver), tied with hawk, yellow. The most common striped and white color.
White chickens are also born white, and striped babies are dark. Daily youngsters have a fluff of dark matte colorwith light spots on the stomach and with a white spot on the crest. At the age of no more than one day, the gender of the chicken can be determined from a characteristic spot - a pale-colored spot in the rooster is blurred, the chicken is bright, with clear boundaries.
It’s also easy to recognize the sex of a feathered calf: the feather cover of the males is lighter than that of the chickens. Adult chickens Plymutroki striped variety, grazing on the lawn near the house, reminiscent of lush gray balls.
Exterior (standard)
For exterior reasons, Plymouth Brook should have an average head size, a short, strong yellow beak and brilliant eyes of an orange-red color.
The face is smooth and red. The crest is low, in the form of a sheet with five teeth (in a rooster there is a comb with four teeth). An important feature of Plymouth's appearance is the presence of bright red ear lobes - smooth, small, oval.
The neck is always of medium length, with thick plumage. For this breed, the bird's chest should be slightly raised, bulging and wide. The photo shows a typical Plymouthrock chickens.
The wings are medium in size, they usually fit snugly to the body. The back is also of medium length, horizontal, slightly raised to the tail. The tail is small and strongly feathered, with a bit of a swoop back. His braids are moderately long. Plymouth Brook Thigh - short, densely feathered. The feet have yellow metatarsus and the claws are light yellow.
Plumage striped, with shades. Across the feathers are straight white and black lilac stripes. The tips of the feathers are dark. In chickens, these bands are the same. The color of the dark stripes is brighter, so they look darker than cocks; feathers on the neck and lower back in chickens do not differ from body feathers.
Roosters have black and white stripes on the feathers in the neck and waist, the pattern is lighter; wing wing feathers with a larger pattern.
Non-breed signs
The Plymouth Cock may have a darker beak, a collapsing ridge and processes on it; white lobes; in plumage may be white feathers or brown patina; feathered or white legs.
Features
Plymutrocks belong to the chicken breeds of meat and egg direction, but especially appreciate and breed them because of the meat.
They have very tender, tasty and healthy yellow meat, resembling in taste the meat of broilers. Because of this shade, meat lovers do not consider it elite.
Plymouthrock has a well-built physique, calm, not aggressive. In the movements of little active. It easily adapts to any climate, resistant to various diseases. Chickens grow quickly, but they fledge too long - by the end of the sixth week.
Chickens of this breed are very ripen quickly and at the age of six months are able to carry the first eggs - By this they differ from other breeds. Chickens are calm, prone to nasizhivaniyu.
However, they do not feel any anxiety or discomfort. In the progeny Plymouth is well preserves its beautiful tribal qualities. The striped bird has a lower survival instinct than the white one.
Photo
In the following photo you can see several White Tributrok individuals:
This photo perfectly illustrates the typical striped striped hen:
Striped coloring is one of the most common in Russia:
This is how a healthy male should look like:
Striped Tributrok in its usual economic zone:
Content and cultivation
Chick care
For hatched chickens, the same feed is suitable as for adult chickens, but in a ground form. You need to make sure that it is of good quality.
In the first days of life, they are also given sifted corn flour, it is easily digested and attracts the chickens with its bright yellow color. In food they are suitable cottage cheese, crumbled eggs, hard-boiled.
Mandatory dressing - finely chopped young greens. From two weeks give yogurt, feed mixture (mixed oatmeal, corn and barley flour). Gradually feed is added to the feed (no more than 25% of the daily ration).
From 5 weeks of age, chickens are released on a walking platform, where they get all the nutrients they need with grass. Grass can be replaced with skewed green mass.
At the age of one month, coarse grains are added to the feed, and on the 6th week of life, a portion of the grain can be given as a whole. Chickens need plenty of fresh drinking water and fine gravel.
Young Plymouth breeds are raised just like other breeds. From 6-8 weeks chicks fit the diet of adult chickens, one-third can use kitchen waste. At the growth stage, crushed bones are added to the food.
Approximate daily ration for two-month-old chickens: grain (48 g), potatoes, root crops (40 g), milk (25 g), greens (or carrots) (18 g), mineral feed, salt.
When raising young stock, it is necessary to monitor its growth, development and health, discarding chickens that differ from the breed standard or with signs of disease.
Broiler breeding
To produce broilers, Plymouthrocks are crossed with Cornish hens (Cornish).
Chickens are kept in a heated house with ventilation, they are not walked, they strictly maintain the light regime. Chickens are grown on deep bedding, in hot-water boxes (eleves) or in cages.
The best food for them - feed, which added meat and bone meal, cake, meal and dry milk. If this is not available, a wet mix of skim milk, kitchen waste and green food can be given. Also for broilers need chalk, limestone, shells.
The bird needs to be protected, not to allow stressful situations when it can get scared and get sick.
With proper feeding, a broiler chicken reaches a mass of 1.5-1.8 kg by the age of 9 weeks.
Adult Chickens
For good productivity, chickens need to be kept in a spacious poultry house, light, isolated from moisture.
Food for chickens should consist of grain (two-thirds of the diet) and food waste (one third). During egg-laying they need a large amount of calcium.
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Specifications
- rooster live weight - 4-5 kg, chickens - 2.5-3.5 kg.
- egg production: high, 170-190 eggs per year, egg mass - 55-60 g. Shells are eggs of a pleasant light brown color (cream).
- hatchability: 75–80%.
- bird safety - 96%.
Russian breeders
In Soviet times, chickens of this breed were distributed in the Moscow region and in the south of the country, mainly in Ukraine.
Nowadays, Plymouthrocks are bred in Ukraine, in the Crimea, as well as in private farms in the Moscow region and central black earth regions. The best representatives of the breed are imported from Hungary and Germany.
- Federal State Unitary Enterprise (FSUE) "Gene pool" of Russian Agricultural Academy (legal and actual address of the organization: 196634, St. Petersburg, Shushary, Detskoselsky sovkhoz, VNIIGRZH territory; postal address: 196601, St. Petersburg, Pushkin, Moscow Highway, 132; director - Segal Evgeny Leonidovich; tel / fax: +7 (912) 459-76-67; 459-77-01, E-mail: [email protected])
- It is also possible to buy white Plymouth Rocks in LLC “Selyanochka” (agrofirm "Selyanochka"; director: Bukharin Oleg Gennadievich; tel .: +7 (34745) 27-0-39; mobile tel .: +7 (927) 967-45-45, +7 (917) 411-92 -86; E-mail: [email protected]
- LLC "Perfect Bird" (Russia, Volkhov), where everyone can buy individuals of the breed of striped Plymouthrock chickens; //253949.ru.all.biz
Analogs
Experts believe that similar breeds have the following breeds of chickens: Cornish, Wyandot, Amrox, Poltava clay (striped).
There are cases when under the guise of Plymouthrocks they sell Amrox type chickens, with their striped color very similar to Plymouthrocks. Amrox is considered a selective breed.
Plymouthrock is a famous breed of chickens, which is famous for its excellent taste, unpretentiousness and vitality. Chickens of white color are considered the best suppliers of tasty meat, and striped representatives of the breed decorate the courtyards of the villagers with their bright black and white plumage.
After our country, after 1999, the large-scale breeding of the Plymouthrock stopped, now it is being revived. Russian farmers consider the maintenance of this breed uncomplicated and profitable.
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