Champignons are unpretentious mushrooms that can be grown in the country, and even at home.
The main thing is to keep the room cool and the humidity of the air constantly high.
Substrate preparation
In the process of growing mushrooms at home, this stage is the most time-consuming. It is important to do everything strictly according to the instructions.to end up with a good harvest. Compost prepared from straw of winter wheat or rye (up to 25%) and horse manure (75%).
Per 100 kg of straw is taken 2 kg of urea and superphosphate, 8 kg of gypsum and 5 kg of chalk. Next, manure is applied and a total of about 300 kg of substrate is obtained. It is enough to lay the mycelium in three square meters in area.
It is important! If horse manure cannot be obtained, then cow dung or even bird droppings will do. But the yield will be markedly reduced.
The substrate is prepared outdoors under a canopy. The straw is soaked for a day, then the straw and manure are stacked in layers in a pile.
It is better to moisten each layer of straw additionally (here urea and superphosphate will be needed). Then the heap is mixed well, and other components are added to the substrate.
After mixing all the components, the process of fermentation begins, during which on the third day the temperature in the stack will be about 70 degrees Celsius.
In order for a pile to burn better, it must be about one and a half meters in length and height, and about twenty meters in width. After 22 days, the compost will be ready for mushroom cultivation.
It should also be noted that it is possible to grow champignons on peat, but in this article we consider only the variant with manure as the most profitable.
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Planting mycelium
For proper cultivation of champignons at home, the seed can only be sterile mycelium, which is grown in special laboratories.
One square meter of the substrate requires 400 grams of grain or 500 grams of composting mycelium.
It is important! Before planting the mycelium, the substrate should be checked again. It should spring up a little when pressed by hand.
Now a handful of grain or composting mycelium is taken and dipped into the substrate about five centimeters. The holes should be staggered, keep a distance of 20 cm between them.
You can not even plant a grain mycelium deeply, but simply spread it over the surface.
Incubation and temperature control
During the incubation period closely monitor the humidity of the air. It should be at the level of 70-95%.
To preserve moisture, a box with a substrate is recommended to cover with a newspaper and periodically spray it. The temperature of the substrate itself should be at a level of 20-27 degrees Celsius.
Mycelium starts to grow after a week. At this time, the surface of the substrate should fall asleep 3-4 cm of soil. After 3-5 days after falling asleep, the temperature in the room should be lowered to 12-17 degrees Celsius.
The surface is constantly moistened. Particular attention should be paid to the ventilation of the room, but to avoid drafts.
Harvesting
Already in 3-4 months you can harvest the first harvest. It is necessary to collect mushrooms that have a stretched white film under the cap that connects the edges of the cap and the stem. Mushrooms with brown plates are not recommended to eat.
When harvesting mushrooms are not cut, but gently unscrew. Fruiting mycelium will last a week or two. During this time, going to seven waves of the crop.
Mushroom cultivation in the basement
The process of growing mushrooms in the basement is no different about how to grow these mushrooms at home. It should be noted that the basements, storerooms and storage rooms are good premises for the cultivation of mushrooms. Because it's damp and dark.
There is no need to create any additional conditions that are different from those required for growing at home.
At the cottage or at home
This method of cultivation is good because Mushrooms can be planted directly in their area, in the fresh air.
Need to find the most shaded and humid place, make there a small shed or greenhouse.
Now you can spread the compost and grow champignons according to the technology that is used for home cultivation.
note that outdoors it will be more difficult for mushrooms to create the necessary temperature conditions and appropriate humidity.
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Growing broilers at home is a myth or reality.Mushrooms as a business
Due to the abundant harvest, a fairly simple process of planting and care, many people think about growing these mushrooms for sale. But, please note that this the niche is already quite tightly packed by entrepreneurs.
The advantage to opening such a business isthat the raw material for growing mushrooms is agricultural waste, which is sold for a penny.
If you initially know where to sell the harvest and work out a good distribution scheme, then you can get a good profit the first time.
In addition, to find a ready business plan for the cultivation of mushrooms is not difficult.
Equipment for industrial maststab
When industrial cultivation of a large number of mushrooms, of course, need a lot of equipment. After all, the room will have to maintain a constant microclimate, a certain humidity and temperature.
So that, can't do without professional humidifiers, shelves for compost, carriages for collecting mushrooms and various electrical equipment.
Everything you need is impossible to list, because every little thing is important. So that, It is best to contact specialized companiesinvolved in the sale of equipment for the industrial cultivation of mushrooms.
But in order to grow mushrooms at home or in the country, a lot of equipment is not required. Strictly follow the rules and instructions.and in three or four months it will be possible to harvest a bountiful harvest of tasty mushrooms.
A photo
As always, some photos sent by our readers.
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