Chamomile, for all its simplicity and modesty, is a symbol of tenderness and beauty, and in terms of healing properties, it will not yield to many medicinal plants. In the article we will talk about some varieties of garden and medicinal daisies and their benefits for humans.
Chamomile: description of the genus
The Latin name of this flower is Matricária (mother grass). It is explained by the fact that chamomile is traditionally used in the treatment of diseases of the female genital sphere. This flower belongs to the genus of flowering perennials of the Astrov family. Chamomiles are eukaryotes (organisms whose cells contain the nucleus) of the flowering division of the dicotyledonous class. Their corymbose inflorescences have a hemispherical basket shape, in which there are two types of flowers: in the middle - tubular yellow bisexual, and in a circle - false-white whites. The receptacle is conical and hollow. 
The leaves of the plants are pinnate, divided into many thin lobes. Fruits - achene with several thin ribs and a small tuft. Flowers exude a subtle, distinctive honey-apple flavor. The plant begins to bloom in March-April in cool regions, and in the south - even since February. Due to such a scatter of the beginning of flowering, different blooming species occur throughout the summer and bloom until November. Wasps are more involved in pollination of peduncles than bees. The most famous of the daisies - pharmacy, it is widely used in the medical and cosmetic industries.
Did you know? In Egypt, the remains of pottery were found, dating back to the II millennium BC. e., decorated with pictures of daisies, and during excavations on the island of Crete, archaeologists discovered female hairpins of gold inlaid in the form of these flowers.Also Astrovye include 25 species of other low-growing fragrant herbs, also called chamomiles, among which are both healing and decorative. Garden species were bred from the wild, such as common grapefruit, feverfew, doronicum, antemis. About these types we will discuss a little lower, and now we list some medicinal and decorative varieties.
Find out how chamomile is useful for the body.Garden daisies:
- "Crazy Daisy";
- Aglaia;
- "Snow lady";
- "Viral Supreme";
- Maxim Koenig;
- "Alaska";
- "May Queen";
- "Beethoven";
- "Carlos";
- "Golden Ball";
- "Paradise";
- "Snowball";
- "Robinson";
- Caucasian doronicum.
Medicinal varieties:- pharmacy;
- odorous tongueless;
- Chamois noble or Roman;
- Persian;
- pink
- Dalmatian.
Healing Chamomile and their benefits
Medicinal types of these flowers are endowed with unique healing properties that people have long learned to use in healing. Traditional medicine widely uses this plant in pharmacology, making various preparations based on it. Let us dwell in more detail on the two most used for medicinal purposes. This is a pharmaceutical chamomile and fragrant tongueless.
Check out beautiful flowers like daisy.
Pharmacy (drug)
This plant is not for nothing called the pharmacy: its healing qualities are due to the huge number of trace elements, vitamins and many other substances that effectively fight a large number of diseases. Only inflorescences are used as medicinal raw materials. 
Did you know? In Central Africa, several species of chamomile were completely destroyed by local tribes because of the superstitions that these plants allegedly attract evil spirits.
Description and distribution
Chamomile (M. recutita) - herbaceous annuals with upright branched stems up to 25 centimeters in height, with bright green double-perisparase leaves. As with all daisies, the flowers in the pharmacy are in the form of baskets consisting of yellow tubular small flowers, framed on the edge with white reed flowers. Healing chamomile is spread over the vast territory of the Northern Hemisphere: from Scandinavia to Mediterranean countries, as well as in Asia and in the expanses of the North American continent.
Find out more about such medicinal plants as: meer, three-leaf watch, walker, onosma, creeping gobbler, centaury, astragalus, bonfire, bedstraw, Lesopida, serpentine head, sedge, book fox, pike, umbrella of winter time, yasnotka and bison.In Russia, it grows throughout the territory, extending to the East-Siberian region, and is found even in the Far East. It grows in meadows, in the steppes, loves heaths, roadsides, can be found among the grain and in the rows of row crops.
Composition and use
The composition of the medicinal plant is rich in many active elements. 
Chemical substances:
- ascorbic acid;
- choline;
- carotene;
- essential oil contained in flowers.
- phytosterols;
- flavonoids;
- coumarins;
- hamazulen;
- matricin;
- gum;
- mucus;
- bitterness;
- quercetin;
- apigenin;
- isorhamnetin;
- luteolin;
- kaempferol;
- Organic acids: isovaleric, caprylic, phenolcarboxylic, salicylic.
And also many other substances. Taking drugs from chamomile drug contributes to:
- improve appetite;
- immunity strengthening;
- the destruction of pathogenic microbes.
A rich healing compound qualifies it as a means of:- anti-inflammatory;
- antiallergic;
- antimicrobial;
- astringent;
- disinfectant;
- hemostatic;
- sedatives;
- antispasmodic;
- diaphoretic;
- anticonvulsant;
- diuretic;
- choleretic
Important! It is forbidden to use chamomile essential oil to children under six years. Any use of drugs based on this herb should be accompanied by a pediatrician consultation.In addition to all the above, this fitolecar from the world of plants successfully cures many diseases:
- rheumatism;
- inflammation of the stomach and intestines;
- hepatitis;
- urogenital diseases;
- insomnia;
- rheumatism;
- gout;
- migraine;
- colic and flatulence in young children.
We grow up doronicum, feverfew and nivyanik.
Smelly (tongueless)
Without a tongue, this daisy is called because of the absence of petals on it. It also has healing properties, although its use in medicine is limited mainly by external reception. Another name is odorous, as it has a stronger smell than its pharmacy counterpart. 
Description and distribution
The name of this species in Latin sounds like Chamomilla suaveolens. Plants with upright shoots, annuals, grow up to 35 centimeters, shoots from above branch, with pinworm leaves. Inflorescences look in the form of baskets up to 15 mm wide, hypanthium is bare, conical in shape. In the baskets are tubular flowers of yellowish-green color. As already mentioned, the petless species on the flowers at the edges have no petals.
There are brown fruits in the form of long seeds, bent in shape, which do not have a tuft. The fragrant chamomile is growing, ranging from the western regions of Russia to southern Siberia, the Far East and Kamchatka, in the Caucasus and in Central Asia. It grows in the form of weeds on the streets of villages, on agricultural land and unplowed land, near housing, along railway tracks and on wastelands.
Composition and use
The fragrant counterpart of chamomile chemistries are both flowers and leaves, since they have identical disinfectant properties that are capable of removing inflammatory processes in the body. Although only flowers are used for treatment. 
The following components contain odorous flowers:
- coumarins;
- flavonoids (in the aboveground part of them more than in flowers);
- salicylic acid;
- ascorbic acid;
- carotene;
- gum;
- bitterness;
- mucus;
- fatty acid glycerides.
- β-farnesen;
- β-myrcene;
- traces of chamazulene;
- farnesene;
- geraniol;
- myrcene.
Important! You can not boil the raw materials from the chamomile without a tongue, or brew it with boiling water - this will destroy the chamazulene in its composition, which can accelerate tissue regeneration, relieve allergies and have anti-inflammatory effects.The useful qualities of a chamomile without tongue are widely used in medicine.
Drugs based on it are useful for:- rinses during ARVI and ORZ;
- runny nose;
- conjunctivitis;
- pruritus and allergies;
- inhalation of the upper respiratory tract;
- gastritis;
- colitis;
- stomach ulcer;
- duodenal ulcer;
- flatulence;
- bedsores;
- helminthic invasions.
Garden daisies with description and photos
As already mentioned at the beginning of the article, ornamental representatives of this species were obtained by removing them from the wild. Their mission is to decorate gardens and farmsteads. Chamomiles also love to plant because of their undemanding and unpretentiousness. Now we’ll focus on some garden types of these flowers.
Doronicum
This flower is also called a roe. It blooms early, in early May, has flowers of bright yellow color. In this genus, there are 36 species, but growers cultivate only three of them:
- Caucasian doronicum - it has large flowers, with an orange center and dark yellow petals. It grows up to half a meter;
- road doronicum - tall peduncle grows up to 1.5 meters, with large yellow flowers in diameter up to 12 centimeters. The beginning of flowering is in the middle of May, but the leaves die off already at the end of June, therefore they quickly lose their decorative effect;
- east doronicum - peduncle with yellow flowers up to 8 centimeters. There are erect stems up to 50 centimeters. Kind of shade-tolerant.
Nivyanik
This is an ordinary daisy with a yellow disc, framed by white petals. Another nivyanik called milky-shaped chrysanthemum, gigantic chamomile, berry and golden flowers. The cultivated flower is called common broth. It grows up to 70 cm, the flowers are up to 7 cm in diameter. It blooms from June to late July. Nivyanik is known for more than ten varieties, differing petals and terry. Let's name some of them:
- "Crazy Daisy"- grows to 90 centimeters, flowering begins in July. Flowers in diameter of 10 centimeters, very lush and terry;
- "Snow lady" - annual because it does not tolerate the winter cold. It has very beautiful, large, white flowers with a bright orange disc, with a diameter of up to 17 centimeters;
- "Viral suprim" - the largest cornfield, grows to a meter, blooms from early July to September. The flowers are white and terry, with a yellowish terry center. The variety is unpretentious and winter-resistant;
- "Real Neath" - small original flower up to 45 centimeters in height. The flowers have interesting tubular white petals, with a split at the ends, creating grooved edges;
Did you know? The doctors who treated the ancient Roman warriors, made squeeze out of the flowers of daisies, and with this juice soaked bandages, which were then applied to the wounds of the soldiers.
Pyrethrum
These are very bright and colorful flowers with different colors - white, pink, red and crimson. They can be both simple and terry. Here is a small list of them with brief characteristics:
- "Robinson" - grows to 80 cm, with large carmine or pink flowers up to 12 cm in size. It blooms during June. Winter-hardy variety, can tolerate partial shade;
- "Paradise" - flowers with slightly corrugated petals, with a range of white, crimson and pink flowers;
- "Pink Terry" - in height up to 50 cm, flowers are small, 5 cm, pink-crimson, terry.
- Golden Ball - small terry flowers of yellow color up to 4 centimeters in the form of fluffy balls covering the bushes. The view is short, up to 25 centimeters in length. It can serve as a picturesque edging of flowerbeds and garden paths;
- "Carlos" - low flower with white fragrant flowers, framed "skirts" of the lower petals;
- "Snowball" - has large white globular inflorescences.
Antemis
This variety has another name - chamomile dye. Antemis flowers are yellow, up to 5 centimeters in diameter. The flower grows to 80 cm, blooms profusely and long since June. It has decorative pinnate, greenish-gray leaves. This plant is self-seeding. It has several elegant varieties for landscaping:
- "Dutch sauce" - blooms with pale cream flowers;
- "E. K. Buxton" - undersized variety with lemon-cream flowers;
- "Worgreyvskiy" - flowers have a pale yellow color of petals and a dark middle;
- "Goldlag Gold" - bright flowers of rich yellow color.
Check out the Top 10 most popular useful plants.In conclusion, we note that using medicinal varieties of camomile for treating and preventing diseases can significantly improve our health, of course, if there are no contraindications. And if you still have in your garden eye-catching decorative placers of multi-colored daisies, they will give a sense of celebration not only in the summer heat, but even in rainy autumn weather, painting your yard with a riot of colors.
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