Garlic, undoubtedly, is one of the most popular vegetable crops grown by mankind. It has long been known for its excellent taste and healing properties. This material is devoted to the features of planting winter garlic in Siberia.
The best varieties of winter garlic
Of the existing varieties of winter garlic, the following are deservedly popular among Siberian gardeners:
- "Alkor" - middle ripening variety, the head is pink-violet, its weight can reach 35 g, spicy taste, stable yield, the variety is susceptible to the yellow dwarfism virus;
- "SIR 10" - mid-season variety, the head is light violet, its weight can reach 30 g, spicy taste, the variety is resistant to diseases, but is sometimes susceptible to bacterial rot;
- "Scythian" - mid-season arrowed variety, head white with a lilac shade, its weight can reach 30 g, spicy taste, the variety is generally resistant to diseases, but sometimes is affected by bacteriosis and white rot;
- "Autumn" - early ripe grade, the head is white, but has a lilac or purple hue, the mass can reach 40 g, spicy taste, resistant to diseases;
- "Reliable" - mid-season arrowed variety, head white with a lilac shade, its weight reaches 70 g, spicy taste, resistant to diseases, among features it is possible to note excellent keeping quality, which allows you to store the crop up to 11 months.
Of course, garlic is one of the most useful for human health product with a large set of healing properties. Read about the composition and beneficial properties of garlic.
When to plant winter garlic in Siberia
Winter garlic is recommended to plant 45-50 days before the establishment of stable cold weather. This is usually done at the end of September or at the beginning of October, but Siberia is very large and the climatic conditions in different regions can vary greatly, so that the landing time should be determined according to the local microclimate. On time, planted cloves manage to form the root system before the ground freezes, which helps them to winter normally.
Where to plant on the site
This culture grows well on more or less light soils with a neutral or slightly acid reaction; sandy soils or light loam are considered the best option. The site must be well manured and well lit, shading is unacceptable. It is impossible to plant this crop in windy areas because in the winter the wind can blow off the snow and garlic will freeze. The lowlands are unfavorable for him, where melt water accumulates in spring.
If you want to harvest a large crop, find out when it is best to plant winter garlic.
Sandy soilsThe best crops, after which you can plant winter garlic, are cucumbers, early cabbage, and zucchini. It is not recommended to plant this crop after potatoes, tomatoes, onions. After harvesting, this plant can be returned to the same bed in 3-4 years.
Soil preparation
First you need to clean the area from the remnants of previous crops and weeds. Then organic fertilizers are applied to the soil - it can be cow, horse or pig manure, compost, a mixture of chicken manure with sawdust. Organics contribute from the calculation of one bucket per square meter.
Important! It is unacceptable to make fresh manure, because it leads to increased culture of the crop and reduce its resistance to disease.
Pig manureIn addition to organic matter, ash, one cup per square meter is added. Also make one tablespoon of superphosphate and potash fertilizers per square meter. After fertilization, the bed must be dug up and harrowed.
Learn more about how to grow garlic in the open field.
Selection and rejection of planting material
For planting, use the teeth of the head or gullet - these are onion bulbs that form on the garlic needle. For planting, the largest bulbs and teeth are selected that have no mechanical damage and no signs of disease, and the teeth are selected only for external ones.
Did you know? The name of the city of Chicago comes from the Indian word "shikaakwa", meaning wild garlic.
Teeth taken from well-dried heads for 1-2 days before planting. Before planting, you need to pay attention to the bottom of the tooth - if old is left, it is removed. Before planting, the teeth are sprayed with a solution of copper sulfate (one tablespoon per bucket of water), then dried and planted. Instead of vitriol, they can be kept for a couple of hours in a warm, weak solution of potassium permanganate. You can also use any fungicides to treat teeth, for example, Rizoplan or Barrier. Bulbs just before planting process fungicides. 
Copper sulfate
Landing rules
On the garden bed, furrows are made with a distance between them of 25 cm. Bulb or teeth are laid out in furrows at a distance of 7-8 cm from each other. Depth of planting is 6-7 cm, with large teeth planted deeper. When planting, it is not necessary to press the planting material into the ground, it is enough to spread it bottom down, after which it is poured with earth or compost and watered. In the future, planting should be mulched peat - this will help avoid the freezing of plants.
Did you know? In ancient Egypt, garlic was mandatory included in the diet of workers involved in heavy work. It was believed that this vegetable stimulates activity and makes it easier for workers to carry heavy loads.
Planting garlicAftercare
In the autumn, after planting, no actions, except for mulching, are performed on garlic beds. In the spring, when the soil thaws, the beds loosen to a depth of no more than 3 cm. After the snow melts, make the first dressing of garlic. To do this, use a solution of mullein, prepared in a ratio of 1:10. On 1 square. meter landing uses 2-3 liters of solution.
Growing garlic, you will be interested to know what varieties of garlic to plant before winter, why winter garlic turns yellow in spring and what to do, how to water garlic and how often, when and how to clean winter garlic.Two weeks later, spend the second feeding. Prepare the same solution of mullein and add nitrophoska to it (tablespoon per bucket). Spend 3 liters of fertilizer per 1 square. landing meter. After breaking out the arrows, a third dressing is produced, for which an ash solution is prepared (a glass of ash in a bucket of water). It consumes 3 liters of fertilizer per 1 sq. M. meter.
Mullein solutionIf the spring is dry, the beds are watered regularly, preventing the top layer of soil from drying out. Consumes up to 30 liters of water per 1 square. meter beds. In the future, regular watering continues, but about three weeks before harvesting stop watering.
Important! If only the inflorescences are broken off or being late with the procedure, then no effect will come and the harvest will be low.For sprouting garlic varieties, an important procedure is breaking out the flower arrows. If this is not done, the crop is sharply reduced. The arrows break off from the bottom when they grow up to 8-10 cm. You can leave some of the arrows to ripen to get bulbs for seedlings.
Arrows of garlic act more gently and have a less pronounced spicy taste than garlic. Read the benefits of garlic shooters.
As we see, the technology of planting winter garlic is nothing complicated. It is important to select high-quality planting material and scrupulously observe all recommended agrotechnical techniques. Under these conditions and favorable weather, a good harvest of this healthy vegetable is guaranteed.
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