Cabbage - the main vegetable on the table Russiansalong with potatoes. According to nutritionists, cabbage is one of the main products that underlie proper nutrition.
Cabbage juice can cure many diseases, noticeably improves the appearance, due to the content of not only vitamins, but also minerals.
A good housewife will cook a lot of delicious cabbage dishes. So its growing in the garden - it is a guarantee of healthy eating for the whole of next year.
The advantages of greenhouse cultivation
Cabbage, even its early varieties, in the open ground ripens by August. Hothouse method of cultivation will allow you to get a new crop in June - early July. It is good in that it is possible to regulate the temperature and prolong the light day if necessary, which will have a positive effect on the growth and ripening of the cabbage.
Grow seedlings in a greenhouse, also much more comfortable for the same reason. At a certain period of growth, it needs different temperature conditions, which is very difficult to provide at home. A quality seedlings - this is a guarantee of a good harvest. How to grow cabbage in the greenhouse, consider below.
About other garden crops that can be grown in the greenhouse, learn on our website.
Varieties of cabbage
By all accounts, in the greenhouse better to grow early varieties cabbage. They can be used not only in salads and cooking, but also sour. The earliest white cabbage - "Dietmar early." It gives the first harvest in 50-70 days after the seedlings are planted.
A round, slightly flat head can weigh up to 1.5 kg. You can remove up to 40 kg from 10 square meters. m. The most common variety in greenhouses gardeners.
The variety "Golden hectare 1432" does not crack and is very tasty. Ripens within 105-130 days after the first shoots appear. Heads of cabbage have white color and grow to 3 kg. Suitable for salads, hot cooking and fermentation.
Amicable harvest gives the variety "Number first K-206", ready to harvest in 100-120 days after the first shoots. Productivity to 40 kg / 10 sq. m, cabbages weighing up to 2 kg. You can pick up and early hybrid varieties of cabbage, bred by foreign breeders - Dutch, French, Polish, etc.
Planting and care
Grow cabbage in the greenhouse even a beginner can vegetable gardener. The technology of growing early cabbage in the greenhouse is not complicated. It is enough to follow the rules and know some subtleties of care on it. When to plant cabbage on seedlings in a greenhouse?
In the greenhouse, seeds are sown in February, in the greenhouse seedlings are planted in mid-April. Some, the most courageous experts, sow the seeds in December, completing the seedlings with phytolamps, while receiving the harvest in early June.
Seeds
Even in the greenhouse cabbage is grown only from seedlings. How to grow seedlings of early cabbage in the greenhouse? To get strong seedlings, you need to choose the right and plant the seeds. Choose should be the largest and darkest.
Planting seeds
It is best to sow seeds for seedlings on steam beds or greenhouses. When growing cabbage seedlings in the greenhouse, most often they use biofuel. To prepare the steam ridge, you need in the ground dig a trench to a depth of 30 cm and 100-120 cm wide. Biofuel is laid on its bottom, it is covered with earth from above. For seedlings best suited substrate of equal parts of turf land, peat and sand.
Seedling care
How to grow cabbage seedlings in an unheated greenhouse or under film? In a soil heated to 20 ° C, seeds are planted to a depth of 1 cm. A frame with a film of a minimum height of 30 cm is set on top. The first shoots hatch after 4 daysThis means that it is possible to open a greenhouse during the daytime for hardening seedlings. Watering the seedlings is not recommended yet. After the appearance of the first sheet, the temperature must be raised by 2-3 ° C until reaching 10-12 ° C.
When the first 1-2 leaves emerge need to thin out and begin active watering and feeding seedlings. For the time of her growth feed 3 times.
The first time is fed with a mixture of phosphate, potash and nitrogen fertilizers, the second time - only with nitrogen, and the third time - before planting seedlings in the greenhouse - again fed with nitrogen-potassium-phosphorus mixture. Watering is done daily in the morning..
Transplant seedlings in the greenhouse
The most important thing - seedlings - you have already grown. There are very few, the main chores behind. Before planting seedlings in the greenhouse, prepare the soil. In addition, the greenhouse should be equipped with additional lighting lamps.
Growing cabbage seedlings in a polycarbonate greenhouse, proven method to create optimal conditions, which is increasingly gaining popularity among gardeners and gardeners.
The soil
Cabbage is a plant that loves a lot of water, so the soil for it must be dense, well-retaining moisture. It is better to start cooking it in the fall - how to dig it up, no less than on a spade bayonet, at the same time making fertilizer. It can be compost humus or manure and mineral fertilizers. Cabbage does not like acidic soiltherefore, if necessary, in the fall you need to spend liming.
It is impossible to plant cabbage on the same land year after year. Crop rotation must be respectedotherwise you won't get a good harvest.
The best predecessors for it will be cucumbers, potatoes, onions, or legumes, after which many useful substances remain in the ground.
Transplanting
Transplantation into the greenhouse takes place when the sprouts have 4 leaves, it looks strong and has green-mauve. If the sprouts are light green in color, this indicates their weakness and unwillingness to transplant.
A few days before disembarking seedlings need a little harden. To do this, in the greenhouse the daytime temperature drops to 16-18 ° C, night - to 12 ° C. It is also regularly aired. It is better to survive seedlings by transshipment, not shaking off an earthen clod from the roots in order not to damage them. A hole is made in the ground, it is poured with water and fertilizer.
A sapling is sinking into the hole, the ground around it is tightly tamped, which ensures maximum root contact with soil. Between seedlings there should be a distance of at least 30 cm. Watering of cabbage should be started a week after planting, when the seedlings are rooted well.
Care
Care for cabbage in the greenhouse is a regular watering, loosening the soil, feeding and maintaining temperature and light conditions. Cabbage is very light-requiringLight day for her should be 14-17 hours. If necessary, it must be dosvechivat.
The temperature for normal growth and maturation is maintained at 16-20 ° C. Once in 2 weeks cabbage fed up with dissolved manure. The required humidity - 70-80%, watering should be regular and abundant.
Types of cabbage
White cabbage, though holding the lead, is still not the only one. Now in the gardens you can often see beds with broccoli, Beijing and cauliflower. Them too can be successfully grown in a greenhouse.
Beijing
Wonderful lettuce - Beijing - early, her can be collected after 40-80 days after the emergence of shoots. The cultivation conditions in the greenhouse of the Beijing cabbage are: temperature 16-18 ° C, loose fertile soil.
Shoots appear at a temperature of 20 ° C, then it is reduced to 10 ° C. Seedlings grow for 20 days at a daytime temperature of 22 ° C and nighttime - 16 ° C. 20-day seedlings transplanted into the greenhouse.
It is often planted in a greenhouse along with cucumbers and tomatoes as a “sealant”. Matured is considered to be a medium-headed cabbage weighing 300 g. With proper care. you can collect up to 8 kg from 1 square. m.
Broccoli
Recently, nutritionists have strongly advised to include broccoli in the diet. Some call it a "rejuvenating" vegetable for the content in it of methionine and choline, warning the accumulation in the body of "bad" cholesterol. A rich set of trace elements and vitamins makes it an invaluable product on our table.
The process of growing broccoli in a greenhouse is no more difficult than growing ordinary cabbage. It can be sown with seeds in the greenhouse in March (it is quite frost-resistant). Seeds germinate pretty quickly., and in 10-12 days the seedlings already have 3-4 leaves.
Temperature range - 18 ° C during the day and 12 ° C - at night. The soil is prepared in the autumn - it is dug up and fertilized with superphosphate, organic matter, ammonium nitrate and potassium salts, if necessary it is lime.
Further care is loosening, weeding and deep watering (not less than 40 cm). Before the flowers bloom it is necessary to cut the central headsthat have grown to 10-12 cm in diameter, while grabbing 10 cm of the stem.
The heads and the stem are quite edible, but if they grow further, they will become loose and tasteless. Pruning will allow children to grow up - small offsprings up to 6 cm.
Colored
it the most demanding to care cabbage. But it is easier to grow it in a greenhouse than in an open field, because you can create an optimal temperature and humidity regime. The temperature of the soil and air should not exceed 16-18 ° C, and humidity should be high. If these conditions are not met, her head will lose density and begin to crumble. The greenhouse must be regularly ventilated.
there is features and in top dressing cauliflower. Cauliflower in a greenhouse does not tolerate nitrogen and potash fertilizers. A good composition will be a mullein infusion with the addition of superphosphate, potassium sulfate and urea. For the second feeding in this composition necessarily ammonium molybdate is added and boric acid.
Someone will think that too much trouble and effort must be applied to grow a good harvest of cabbage in the greenhouse. But agree that growing costs early cabbage in the greenhouse worth itso that in the first months of summer there was fresh cabbage full of vitamins, tasty cabbage in your plate. Successes all and bon appetit!
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